Basic Theo-24 Sr Information

• INN (International Nonproprietary Name): theophylline
• Brand Names Available in Australia: Theo-24®, Afonilum SR, Slo-Phyllin
• ATC Code: R03DA04
• Forms & Dosages: Extended-release capsules (100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg), bottles of 100 or 500
• Manufacturers in Australia: Multiple local & global suppliers
• Registration Status in Australia: Prescription only (Rx)
• OTC / Rx Classification: Prescription-only medicine

Availability & Price Landscape

Theo-24 SR can be readily found at major Australian pharmacy chains, including Chemist Warehouse, Priceline, and TerryWhite Chemmart. These outlets typically offer a range of strengths and packaging options that cater to diverse patient requirements. As an example, you can find it in strengths of 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg, packaged in bottles containing 100 or 500 capsules. While urban areas enjoy consistent access to Theo-24 SR, patients residing in rural regions may experience limited availability. However, many local pharmacies have established partnerships with distributors to ensure they can fulfil the needs of their communities.

Online Pharmacy Trends in Australia

The rise of e-prescriptions, especially linked to the growing telehealth landscape, has significantly enhanced access to Theo-24 SR online. Patients can now order their much-needed medications through reputable online pharmacy platforms, allowing for convenience and efficiency. This shift eliminates the need for a physical store visit, making it easier to access essential treatments.

Price Ranges by Package Size (PBS vs Private)

For those with a valid prescription, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) provides a subsidy for many medications, including Theo-24 SR. This can considerably alleviate out-of-pocket expenses for patients. Price ranges fluctuate depending on whether the medication is acquired through PBS or private pharmacy networks. Typical costs range from approximately AUD 30 to AUD 60 per package, providing a clear idea for budget-conscious patients. Patients should compare options among pharmacies to find the best price that fits their preferences, especially in terms of availability and service. In conclusion, when looking for Theo-24 availability and pricing in Australia, patients have various options to explore—from major pharmacy chains to the rising trend of online pharmacies. The PBS also plays a critical role in reducing costs, making the medication more accessible for those who need it.

Indications in Local Medical Practice

Theo-24 SR serves crucial roles in local medical practice, primarily indicated for managing asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) specifies its use for patients with moderate to severe airway obstruction. These individuals often seek relief from troublesome respiratory symptoms. By enhancing airflow through bronchodilation, Theo-24 SR helps improve overall respiratory function.

Approved uses by TGA

Within Australian guidelines, the TGA explicitly approves Theo-24 SR for asthma management and COPD treatment. Its main function is to offer symptomatic relief for those experiencing significant airway constriction. By acting as a bronchodilator, Theo-24 SR not only aids in opening the airways but also facilitates easier breathing, making it a vital resource for many patients striving for normalcy in their daily activities.

Off-label patterns in Australian clinics

Interestingly, the application of Theo-24 SR extends beyond its primary indications. Some healthcare practitioners occasionally utilise it off-label for other respiratory issues, particularly in cases where traditional therapies have faltered. Conditions like exercise-induced bronchoconstriction or other chronic respiratory inflammatory disorders may warrant its use, especially when standard treatments have proven insufficient.

It becomes essential for healthcare professionals to carefully assess each patient’s situation. This tailored approach is particularly important as off-label usage can bring varying outcomes. Close monitoring ensures that any potential side effects are managed effectively. Thus, while Theo-24 SR offers flexibility in treatment options, medical oversight remains critical.

How It Works in the Body

Understanding how Theo-24 SR operates within the body demystifies its effectiveness. Primarily, it functions by relaxing the smooth muscles that line the airways. This relaxation leads to the widening of these passages, making it easier for individuals to breathe. In the realm of pharmacology, it's classified as a xanthine, a group known for its ability to improve airflow and alleviate respiratory discomfort by countering bronchoconstriction.

Layman’s explanation

In simple terms, think of Theo-24 SR as a key that unlocks the doors of the respiratory system. When the airways tighten, it helps them relax, allowing for a smoother airflow. This mechanism is particularly beneficial for individuals struggling with chronic respiratory conditions.

Clinical detail

Delving deeper, the clinical actions of theophylline, the active ingredient in Theo-24 SR, include inhibiting phosphodiesterase enzymes. This inhibition leads to increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in airway smooth muscle. The result? Enhanced relaxation of bronchial tissues coupled with anti-inflammatory benefits.

This multifaceted action supports individuals suffering from chronic respiratory ailments, providing them not only relief but also a proactive approach to managing their conditions. The extended-release formulation is particularly advantageous, delivering a sustained therapeutic effect throughout the day, thereby reducing the frequency of dosing. However, it’s crucial to monitor serum drug levels, especially in patients with liver or kidney concerns to avoid toxicity.

Dosage & Administration

When considering the administration of Theo-24 SR, it's vital to adhere to established dosage guidelines. For adults initiating therapy, the general starting dose ranges from 300 to 400 mg, administered once daily. To enhance absorption, it is recommended to take the medication on an empty stomach, either one hour before or two hours after meals.

Standard regimens

This regimen aims to maximise the medication's efficacy. However, dosages aren't one-size-fits-all. For special populations, such as the elderly or patients with chronic liver or kidney issues, adjustments are necessary. A lower initial dose of 300 mg is often advised for older patients, gradually increasing only after careful assessment of serum theophylline levels.

Adjustments by patient type

In cases where liver or kidney impairment is present, healthcare providers must make significant dosage reductions. Closely tracking serum levels is essential to prevent potential toxicity. These precautionary measures underline the importance of individual assessments and the guidance of healthcare professionals in optimising therapy.

Contraindications & Side Effects

Patients taking Theo-24 SR often have concerns about potential side effects. Understanding these can prepare individuals for what to watch for during treatment.

Common

Theo-24 SR can produce a variety of common side effects that patients should take note of:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhoea
• Headaches

These side effects may diminish as the body adjusts to the medication. Occasionally, patients also report experiencing restlessness, irritability, and insomnia. These symptoms can affect daily life and adherence to the treatment plan, so patients should monitor how they feel and discuss any concerns with healthcare providers.

Rare but serious (Australian safety data)

While serious side effects from Theo-24 SR are infrequent, Australian safety data highlights a few significant risks, especially in cases of overdose or elevated drug concentrations. Rare incidents may include:

• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Seizures
• Persistent vomiting

Seeking immediate medical assistance is crucial if these symptoms arise, given their potential severity. Patients with pre-existing health conditions, such as arrhythmias or peptic ulcers, should have thorough discussions with their healthcare providers before commencing treatment. Building awareness around these side effects is vital as it lays the groundwork for a comprehensive management plan using Theo-24 SR.

Comparable Medicines

Exploring alternatives to Theo-24 SR can help patients and healthcare providers tailor treatment plans to individual needs. Several comparable medications can provide similar benefits, but they come with their own sets of risks.

Alternatives table (PBS and non-PBS)

Medicine	Type	PBS Listing	Comments
Theo-24®	Extended-release Theophylline	Yes	Maintenance therapy
Aminophylline	Methylxanthine	Yes	Used mainly in hospitals
Inhaled LABA	Bronchodilators	Yes	Common first-line therapy
Slo-Phyllin	Extended-release Theophylline	Varies	Less common brand variant

Pros and cons list

Theo-24 SR presents a reliable option for long-term management, but it has both advantages and drawbacks:

• Pros: Easy to use with a detailed dosing regimen.
• Cons: Requires regular serum level monitoring, risks of interaction with other medications.

Grasping these comparative aspects allows for informed decision-making when selecting medications that best suit individual health profiles.

Current Research & Trends

Recent research surrounding Theo-24 SR and the broader theophylline class is yielding new insights into its application for managing respiratory disorders.

Major studies 2022–2025 (Australia + international)

Studies between 2022 and 2025 are investigating the efficacy of theophylline as an adjunct therapy for asthma and COPD, particularly for patients resistant to standard treatments. Recent trials have focused on:

• The long-term safety of extended-release formulations.
• Assessment of individual genetic factors influencing drug metabolism.

The findings suggest that such personalised approaches may significantly improve management strategies for asthma, leading to a potential rise in the usage of Theo-24 SR in daily practice. As more data emerge, the role of theophylline in therapeutic settings is expected to grow.

City	Region	Delivery Time
Sydney	New South Wales	5–7 days
Melbourne	Victoria	5–7 days
Brisbane	Queensland	5–7 days
Perth	Western Australia	5–7 days
Adelaide	South Australia	5–7 days
Hobart	Tasmania	5–9 days
Canberra	Australian Capital Territory	5–9 days
Darwin	Northern Territory	5–9 days
Gold Coast	Queensland	5–7 days
Geelong	Victoria	5–9 days
Cairns	Queensland	5–9 days
Newcastle	New South Wales	5–9 days